Question 1

The nervous system reacts to stimuli compared to the endocrine system, adapts compared to the endocrine system, and has effects compared to the endocrine system.

Accepted Answer

A)  slowly; slowly; widespread
B)  quickly; slowly; specific
C)  quickly; quickly; widespread
D)  quickly; quickly; specific
E)  slowly; quickly; specificF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 2

This figure shows the hypothalamo-pituitary-target organ relationships.Which hormone stimulates glucocorticoid secretion?

Accepted Answer

A)  1
B)  6
C)  8
D)  5
E)  10F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 3

The secrete(s)  a hormone as a response to hypocalcemia.

Accepted Answer

A)  thymus
B)  thyroid gland
C)  parathyroid glands
D)  pineal gland
E)  pituitary glandF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

This is the last step in the sequence of events happening when cyclic AMP acts as a second messenger.

Accepted Answer

A)  G protein activates adenylate cyclase
B)  cAMP activates protein kinases
C)  adenylate cyclase produces cAMP
D)  G protein is activated by the binding of a hormone to the receptor
E)  enzymes are activated or deactivated by the action of protein kinasesF) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 5

The neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary)  secretes

Accepted Answer

A)  prolactin (PRL) .
B)  adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) .
C)  oxytocin (OT) .
D)  thyroid hormone (TH) .
E)  growth hormone (GH) .F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 6

The zona fasciculata in the adrenal gland secretes

Accepted Answer

A)  glucagon.
B)  androgens.
C)  estradiol.
D)  aldosterone.
E)  cortisol.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

Eicosanoids are derived from steroids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The secretes several hormones that stimulate the development of lymphatic organs and regulates development and activity of T cells (white blood cells) .

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroid
B)  thymus
C)  adrenal gland
D)  spleen
E)  parathyroidF) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 9

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  hypoglycemia.
B)  polyuria.
C)  polyphagia.
D)  polydipsia.
E)  glycosuria.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

is not a steroid hormone.

Accepted Answer

A)  Insulin
B)  Cortisol
C)  Progesterone
D)  Aldosterone
E)  EstradiolF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

Absence of iodine in the diet leads to

Accepted Answer

A)  hypoparathyroidism.
B)  hypothyroidism.
C)  hypocalcemia.
D)  hypoglycemia.
E)  hypoxemia.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 12

The hypophyseal portal system connects

Accepted Answer

A)  the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)  with the hypothalamus.
B)  the posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis)  with the hypothalamus.
C)  the anterior pituitary with the posterior pituitary.
D)  the hypothalamus with its target organs.
E)  the pituitary with its target organs.F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 13

Diabetes insipidus is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  epinephrine hypersecretion.
B)  cortisol hypersecretion.
C)  aldosterone hypersecretion.
D)  antidiuretic hormone (ADH)  hyposecretion.
E)  antidiuretic hormone (ADH)  hypersecretion.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

Eicosanoids are derived from

Accepted Answer

A)  arachidonic acid.
B)  leukotriene.
C)  prostacyclin.
D)  prostaglandins.
E)  thromboxanes.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

This hormone plays an important role in synchronizing physiological function with the cycle of daylight and darkness.

Accepted Answer

A)  calcitonin
B)  melanin
C)  melatonin
D)  hepcidin
E)  inhibinF) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 16

Hormones are normally secreted via ducts into the bloodstream.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Target organs most often regulate the pituitary gland via

Accepted Answer

A)  negative feedback inhibition.
B)  positive feedback inhibition.
C)  up-regulation.
D)  down-regulation.
E)  antagonistic regulation.F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 18

Addison disease is a consequence of a tumor of the adrenal medulla.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Negative feedback inhibition occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)  targets the anterior pituitary.
B)  thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)  causes the anterior pituitary to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) .
C)  thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)  targets the thyroid gland.
D)  thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)  targets the thyroid gland.
E)  thyroid hormone (TH)  targets the anterior pituitary.F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 20

Thyroid hormone has a calorigenic effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 17: The Endocrine System

The hypophyseal portal system connects

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This figure shows the hypothalamo-pituitary-target organ relationships.Which hormone stimulates glucocorticoid secretion?

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The zona fasciculata in the adrenal gland secretes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The secrete(s) a hormone as a response to hypocalcemia.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Addison disease is a consequence of a tumor of the adrenal medulla.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Target organs most often regulate the pituitary gland via

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is not a steroid hormone.

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Absence of iodine in the diet leads to

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Diabetes insipidus is caused by

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The nervous system reacts to stimuli compared to the endocrine system, adapts compared to the endocrine system, and has effects compared to the endocrine system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This hormone plays an important role in synchronizing physiological function with the cycle of daylight and darkness.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The secretes several hormones that stimulate the development of lymphatic organs and regulates development and activity of T cells (white blood cells) .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Negative feedback inhibition occurs when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hormones are normally secreted via ducts into the bloodstream.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary) secretes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thyroid hormone has a calorigenic effect.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eicosanoids are derived from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This is the last step in the sequence of events happening when cyclic AMP acts as a second messenger.

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Eicosanoids are derived from steroids.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by the following except

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