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Exam 23: The Evolution of Populations

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Question 31

Multiple Choice

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In a Hardy-Weinberg population with two alleles,A and a,that are in equilibrium,the frequency of the allele a is 0.3.What is the percentage of the population that is homozygous for this allele?

A) 0) 09
B) 0) 49
C) 0) 9
D) 9) 0
E) 49.0

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Question 32

Multiple Choice

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Phenotypic characters,such as height in humans and coat color in horses are

A) influenced by multiple genes.
B) determined by a single gene locus.
C) a result of different chromosomes producing distinct phenotypes.
D) due to the presence of different alleles, which express the dominant color.
E) due to the blending of several genes.

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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Question 33

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Which of the following is a true statement concerning genetic variation?

The following questions refer to the following paragraph. HIV's genome of RNA includes the code for reverse transcriptase (RT) ,an enzyme that acts early in infection to synthesize a DNA genome from an RNA template.The HIV genome also codes for protease (PR) ,an enzyme that acts later in infection by cutting long viral polyproteins into smaller,functional proteins.Both RT and PR represent potential targets for antiretroviral drugs.Drugs called nucleoside analogues (NA) act against RT,whereas drugs called protease inhibitors (PI) act against PR. -Every HIV particle contains two RNA molecules.If two genes from one RNA molecule become detached and then,as a unit,get attached to one end of the other RNA molecule within a single HIV particle,which of these is true?

In Kluane National Park,red squirrels have been recorded giving birth 18 days earlier than a decade ago.Offspring born earlier become larger and more likely to survive.What mode of selection best describes these current research findings?

Heterozygote advantage should be most closely linked to which of the following?

Natural selection changes allele frequencies because some ________ survive and reproduce more successfully than others.

If the nucleotide variability of a locus equals 0%,what is the gene variability and number of alleles at that locus?

Which of the following statements is a misconception about evolution of populations?

Sexual dimorphism is most often a result of

Use this information to answer the following questions. You are studying three populations of birds.Population A has ten birds,of which one is brown (a recessive trait) and nine are red.Population B has 100 birds,of which ten are brown.Population C has 30 birds,and three of them are brown. -In which population would it be least likely that an accident would significantly alter the frequency of the brown allele?

No two people are genetically identical,except for identical twins.The main source of genetic variation among human individuals is

The following questions refer to the following paragraph. HIV's genome of RNA includes the code for reverse transcriptase (RT) ,an enzyme that acts early in infection to synthesize a DNA genome from an RNA template.The HIV genome also codes for protease (PR) ,an enzyme that acts later in infection by cutting long viral polyproteins into smaller,functional proteins.Both RT and PR represent potential targets for antiretroviral drugs.Drugs called nucleoside analogues (NA) act against RT,whereas drugs called protease inhibitors (PI) act against PR. -Which of the following represents the treatment option most likely to avoid the production of drug-resistant HIV (assuming no drug interactions or side effects) ?

Rank the following one-base-point mutations (from most likely to least likely) with respect to their likelihood of affecting the structure of the corresponding polypeptide: 1) insertion mutation deep within an intron 2) substitution mutation at the third position of an exonic codon 3) substitution mutation at the second position of an exonic codon 4) deletion mutation within the first exon of the gene

Use this information to answer the following questions. You are studying three populations of birds.Population A has ten birds,of which one is brown (a recessive trait) and nine are red.Population B has 100 birds,of which ten are brown.Population C has 30 birds,and three of them are brown. -Which population is most likely to be subject to genetic drift?

Adult male humans generally have deeper voices than do adult female humans,which is the direct result of higher levels of testosterone causing growth of the larynx.If one excludes the involvement of gender in the situation,then the pattern that is apparent in the fossil record is most similar to one that should be expected from

Mutation is the only evolutionary mechanism that

Use this information below to answer the following questions. A large population of laboratory animals has been allowed to breed randomly for a number of generations.After several generations,25% of the animals display a recessive trait (aa) ,the same percentage as at the beginning of the breeding program.The rest of the animals show the dominant phenotype,with heterozygotes indistinguishable from the homozygous dominants. -What is the most reasonable conclusion that can be drawn from the fact that the frequency of the recessive trait (aa) has not changed over time?

If,on average,46% of the loci in a species' gene pool are heterozygous,then the average homozygosity of the species should be

Adult male humans generally have deeper voices than do adult female humans,which is the direct result of higher levels of testosterone causing growth of the larynx.If the fossil records of apes and humans alike show a trend toward decreasing larynx size in adult females and increasing larynx size in adult males,then