Question 1

Which paradigm emphasizes the use of induction a sources of knowledge and posits that theory verification should be through empirical testing and systematic observation of phenomena?

Accepted Answer

A)   Constructivist
B)   Post-modern
C)   Logical empiricism
D)   Feminist
E)   PositivismF) A) and E)
G) A) and D) C

Question 2

Theory can be useful in program development, implementation, and evaluation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a trend in the use and application of health behavior theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   Use of models that integrate multiple levels of influence
B)   Shift away from using techniques that push or pressure individuals to modify behavior
C)   Use of smaller number of theories than in previous decades
D)   Shift towards reducing obstacles to promote behavior change
E)   Shift towards increasing informed decision making to modify behaviorF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 4

The adequacy of a theory can be assessed by considering (1) internal consistency (2) extent to which it is broadly relevant while using a manageable number of concepts, and (3) its plausibility.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Theory, research, and practice should be conceptualized independently among professionals concerned with health behavior change in order to reduce bias and strengthen each field.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Lewin's meta-theory stipulates rules for building a good theory. Which is NOT one of the rules?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mathematical representation of the constructs and variables
B)   The need for testing in a controlled setting
C)   Analysis of the situation as a whole
D)   A dynamic approach
E)   ContemporaneityF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

Concepts are theories that have not yet been empirically tested beyond the original developer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 8

Your colleagues develop a new health behavior theory. They ask for your opinion on whether it is useful before they share it with the academic community. Name and explain three criteria you might use to assess the adequacy of their new theory.

Accepted Answer

The three criteria I would use to assess...

Question 9

In the editors' review of articles published between 2000 and 2005, they found that among articles that that employed health theory:

Accepted Answer

A)   More than 50% of articles were informed by theory
B)   More than 50% of articles applied a theory
C)   None of the articles tested theory
D)   Building or creating a theory was the most common application of theory
E)   Fewer than 25% of articles were informed by theoryF) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 10

New theories are commonly developed for each health behavior program implemented by public health professionals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following statements best defines a construct:

Accepted Answer

A)   Operationalized components of a particular theory
B)   Systematic view of events that specifies relations among variables
C)   A model of health behavior change that integrates multiple theories
D)   Theories that apply to a specific problem, audience, and context
E)   General guidelines for actionF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

Previous editions of the textbook reviewed the most often-used theories in publications related to health behavior change. The review concluded that practitioners are using fewer and fewer theories over time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which statement best describes an ideal relationship between theory and practice?

Accepted Answer

A)   Two areas that should remain separate to promote innovation while reducing bias
B)   They are in competition with one another to promote innovation and change
C)   They are distinct, but equally important, areas that share the purpose of informing research
D)   A dynamic interaction in which they enrich and inform one another and inform research
E)   It is cyclical, but recognized as no longer relevant to health behavior changeF) B) and E)
G) B) and D) D

Question 14

Health behavior change in the past often favored pushing people to make changes, sometimes using manipulative techniques. However, a paradigm shift occurred and they now focus on reducing obstacles to change and promoting informed decision-making.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Theory is:

Accepted Answer

A)   A set of related concepts, definitions, and propositions that present a systematic view of phenomena
B)   Used to specify relationships among variables to explain and predict events
C)   A framework for developing interventions to achieve behavior change
D)   The basis for a conceptual map for deciding what to measure in research studies
E)   All of the aboveF) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

Based on the editors' previous research and literature reviews, which statement best articulates a concern they identify in how theories are applied?

Accepted Answer

A)   Too many studies are focused on the policy and community levels and not on the individual and interpersonal levels
B)   Many studies testing theory omit some key constructs from within the model being studied
C)   There has been an over-reliance on using experimental research designs
D)   Researchers have focused almost exclusively on maintaining high external validity
E)   None of the above statements are of concernF) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 17

The authors emphasize the dynamic interplay between theory, research, and practice. Explain the relationship between these three areas. How are they related? Why is it important for professionals involved in health behavior change to be well versed in all three areas?

Accepted Answer

The relationship between theory, researc...

Question 18

Which of the following criteria are most often used to assess the adequacy of a theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   Internal consistency, parsimony, and plausibility
B)   Simplicity, longevity, and number of constructs
C)   Similarities to alternative theories, plausibility, and simplicity
D)   Longevity, level of influence, and cost
E)   Application to research, cost, and frequency of useF) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 19

The dominant paradigm used in health behavior sciences is the constructivist paradigm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

New theories should:

Accepted Answer

A)   Provide an explanation for phenomena unexplained by prior theories
B)   Work exclusively in controlled settings
C)   Explain all factors influencing the majority of health behaviors
D)   Prove other theories wrong
E)   Generate income for the developersF) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Exam 2: Theory, Research, and Practice in Health Behavior

Which paradigm emphasizes the use of induction a sources of knowledge and posits that theory verification should be through empirical testing and systematic observation of phenomena?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Theory can be useful in program development, implementation, and evaluation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a trend in the use and application of health behavior theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The adequacy of a theory can be assessed by considering (1) internal consistency (2) extent to which it is broadly relevant while using a manageable number of concepts, and (3) its plausibility.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Theory, research, and practice should be conceptualized independently among professionals concerned with health behavior change in order to reduce bias and strengthen each field.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lewin's meta-theory stipulates rules for building a good theory. Which is NOT one of the rules?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Concepts are theories that have not yet been empirically tested beyond the original developer.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

Your colleagues develop a new health behavior theory. They ask for your opinion on whether it is useful before they share it with the academic community. Name and explain three criteria you might use to assess the adequacy of their new theory.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe three criteria I would use to assess...View AnswerShow Answer

In the editors' review of articles published between 2000 and 2005, they found that among articles that that employed health theory:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

New theories are commonly developed for each health behavior program implemented by public health professionals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements best defines a construct:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Previous editions of the textbook reviewed the most often-used theories in publications related to health behavior change. The review concluded that practitioners are using fewer and fewer theories over time.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement best describes an ideal relationship between theory and practice?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Health behavior change in the past often favored pushing people to make changes, sometimes using manipulative techniques. However, a paradigm shift occurred and they now focus on reducing obstacles to change and promoting informed decision-making.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Theory is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on the editors' previous research and literature reviews, which statement best articulates a concern they identify in how theories are applied?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The authors emphasize the dynamic interplay between theory, research, and practice. Explain the relationship between these three areas. How are they related? Why is it important for professionals involved in health behavior change to be well versed in all three areas?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe relationship between theory, researc...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following criteria are most often used to assess the adequacy of a theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The dominant paradigm used in health behavior sciences is the constructivist paradigm.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

New theories should:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified
C

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
False

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The three criteria I would use to assess...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
D

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The relationship between theory, researc...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified