Question 1

Darwin concluded from his observations of nature and readings that:

Accepted Answer

A)  Individuals compete with one another for limited resources and only the fittest survive
B)  Individuals compete with one another for limited resources and only the fittest reproduce
C)  Population growth is unlimited, leading to the large numbers of organisms
D)  An individual's chance of survival and reproduction are mostly due to chance and changes in the environment
E)  Species do not change over timeF) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

The fact that individuals whose red blood cells break down more rapidly in an area where malaria is more prevalent have a better chance of reaching reproductive age is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Heterozygote advantage
B)  Homozygote advantage
C)  Polygenic inheritance
D)  Heterozygote disadvantage
E)  PleiotropyF) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 3

"Balanced polymorphism" means that:

Accepted Answer

A)  Many genes that affect the same trait persist indefinitely in a population
B)  Multiple alleles of a gene persist indefinitely in a population
C)  Only a dominant and recessive allele exist for each trait in a population
D)  Many traits persist in a population that are controlled by only a single allele
E)  None of the above are correctF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

The mode of natural selection in which one extreme phenotype is fittest and the environment selects against the others is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Directional selection
B)  Disruptive selection
C)  Stabilizing selection
D)  Artificial selection
E)  Convergent selectionF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

The heritability of body size is 0.2 in Atlantic silversides.What would happen to figure 11.21 if this heritability was 0.8?

Accepted Answer

A)  The changes in average size would occur more rapidly
B)  The changes in average size would occur more slowly
C)  No changes in average size would occur
D)  The fish would never get as large under the same environmental conditions
E)  The fish would avoid predationF) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 6

Figure 11.21 
-What did the researchers conclude from Figure 11.21?

Accepted Answer

A)  Harvesting larger fish led to an increase in average size over time
B)  Harvesting fish in a slot limit led to a decrease in average size over time
C)  Harvesting fish in a slot limit led to an increase in average size over time
D)  Harvesting larger fish led to a decrease in average size over time
E)  Harvesting fish randomly led to an increase in average size over timeF) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 7

Darwin read which of the following in the Essay on the Principle of Population by Malthus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Organisms are varied and some variations are inherited
B)  Populations grow constantly
C)  An individual's chance of survival is random
D)  Species do not change over time
E)  More individuals of a population are born than survive to reproduceF) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 8

The three types of natural selection are:

Accepted Answer

A)  Directional selection, convergent selection, and disruptive selection
B)  Directional selection, artificial selection, and convergent selection
C)  Disruptive selection, stabilizing selection, and normalizing selection
D)  Disruptive selection, stabilizing selection, and artificial selection
E)  Directional selection, disruptive selection, and stabilizing selectionF) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

The founder effect:

Accepted Answer

A)  Occurs when large groups of individuals leave their home population and establish new settlements, mating only among themselves
B)  Occurs when small groups of individuals leave their home population and establish new settlements, mating only among themselves
C)  Occurs when many members of a population die, resulting in a great loss of genetic diversity
D)  Occurs when many members of a population reproduce causing too much genetic diversity within the populationE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Sexual selection is a type of natural selection resulting from variation in the ability to obtain mates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The few ancestors of the Galapagos finches who colonized the islands would be an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  A bottleneck
B)  Natural selection
C)  Increased mutation rate
D)  Gene flow
E)  Founder effectF) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 12

In an evolutionary sense,"fitness" refers to an organism's contribution to the next generation's gene pool.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Genetic change in a population over time defines which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heredity
B)  Mitosis
C)  Phenotype
D)  Evolution
E)  GenotypeF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

The scientist who was the first to recognize the principle of superposition was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Charles Darwin
B)  Georges Cuvier
C)  James Hutton
D)  Georges Buffon
E)  Charles LyellF) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 15

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation,p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1.If the dominant allele frequency is 0.8,what percent of the population will be homozygous dominant?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.32
B)  0.16
C)  0.04
D)  0.64
E)  0.40F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 16

The scientist who published "On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection" in 1859 was:

Accepted Answer

A)  James Hutton
B)  Jean Lamarck
C)  Georges Buffon
D)  Charles Darwin
E)  Charles LyellF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

At Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium:

Accepted Answer

A)  Allele frequencies change from one generation to the next
B)  Evolution does not occur
C)  Allele frequencies change from one generation to the next so evolution does not occur
D)  Allele frequencies remain constant from one generation to the next so evolution does not occur
E)  Allele frequencies remain constant from one generation to the nextF) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 18

Ancestors of giraffes with shorter necks could not reach branches high up in trees for food.This led to ____ for longer necked giraffes.

Accepted Answer

A)  Stabilizing selection
B)  Disruptive selection
C)  Artificial selection
D)  Sexual selection
E)  Directional selectionF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

Ancestors of the Galapagos finches had two different types of seeds to eat on some islands.Some seeds were very small,and required small beaks to handle,other seeds were very large and required large strong beaks to crack.This led to ____ among the Galapagos finches.

Accepted Answer

A)  Directional selection
B)  Stabilizing selection
C)  Disruptive selection
D)  Artificial selection
E)  Sexual selectionF) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

Darwin believed that because of "differential reproductive success" a population would change over time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 11: The Forces of Evolutionary Change

The mode of natural selection in which one extreme phenotype is fittest and the environment selects against the others is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation,p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1.If the dominant allele frequency is 0.8,what percent of the population will be homozygous dominant?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The scientist who was the first to recognize the principle of superposition was:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The scientist who published "On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection" in 1859 was:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an evolutionary sense,"fitness" refers to an organism's contribution to the next generation's gene pool.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Darwin believed that because of "differential reproductive success" a population would change over time.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The three types of natural selection are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The few ancestors of the Galapagos finches who colonized the islands would be an example of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ancestors of giraffes with shorter necks could not reach branches high up in trees for food.This led to ____ for longer necked giraffes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"Balanced polymorphism" means that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fact that individuals whose red blood cells break down more rapidly in an area where malaria is more prevalent have a better chance of reaching reproductive age is known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Darwin concluded from his observations of nature and readings that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The founder effect:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Genetic change in a population over time defines which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Darwin read which of the following in the Essay on the Principle of Population by Malthus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The heritability of body size is 0.2 in Atlantic silversides.What would happen to figure 11.21 if this heritability was 0.8?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ancestors of the Galapagos finches had two different types of seeds to eat on some islands.Some seeds were very small,and required small beaks to handle,other seeds were very large and required large strong beaks to crack.This led to ____ among the Galapagos finches.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 11.21 -What did the researchers conclude from Figure 11.21?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sexual selection is a type of natural selection resulting from variation in the ability to obtain mates.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation,p² + 2pq + q² = 1.If the dominant allele frequency is 0.8,what percent of the population will be homozygous dominant?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified