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Exam 8: Personality and Patterns of Coping

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Question 1

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A 60-year-old accountant feels satisfied with the life choices she's made even though she's still open to making changes in the future. Which of the five pathways in the Rochester Adult Longitudinal Study best describes her?

A) Authentic Road
B) Meandering Way
C) Triumphant Trail
D) Straight and Narrow

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Question 2

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The "ego" in ego psychology approaches to adult development and aging refers to the fact that these theories emphasize:

A) inborn traits or constitutional dispositions.
B) biological patterns of responding to stimuli.
C) learned habits acquired through reinforcement.
D) a structure in personality proposed by Freudian theory.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Question 3

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The Five Factor model of personality fits into which overall category of psychological theories?

The quality of _______________ refers being able to the ability to recover from stress.

Summarize the five factors in the Five Factor Model.

What are the implications of the alternative theories of personality in middle and later adulthood for treatment of psychological disorders?

The well-known psychologist who proposed that personality is "set in plaster" by the age of 30 was:

Provide a brief summary of five major findings from the Mills and Radcliffe Studies.

As pointed out in socioemotional selectivity theory, people who value the _________ function of their relationships are likely to seek advice and practical tips from the people with whom they spend time.

Research conducted by Lodi-Smith and colleagues (2010) comparing personality and preventive behaviors found that observer-rated personality traits were correlated with which measure relevant to health?

How do changes in physical functioning and health relate to personality changes in adulthood as described by the theories and research in this chapter?

The adult's ability to express the true "inner self" is associated with which stage of development in Loevinger's theory?

In longitudinal research on ego development in women conducted by Helson and her colleagues at Mills College, the results showed that during the years of adulthood, women decreased in:

In comparing men and women on defense mechanisms, researchers find that women are more likely than men to engage in which approach to handling stress or anxiety?

Studies testing the predictions of Socioemotional Selectivity Theory involving eye tracking measurements while people look at facial stimuli note that younger adults, compared to older adults, are more likely to focus on parts of the face showing:

As reported in your text, Costa and McCrae found that men who scored highest on their Midlife Crisis Scale had the highest scores on the __________factor as measured 10 years earlier.

How does socioemotional selectivity theory account for changes in later adulthood in emotions?

A 27-year-old graduate student finds out that he failed his comprehensive exams, an experience that would normally be extremely anxiety-provoking. However, instead of becoming openly upset, he goes out drinking with his friends that night and never even mentions the failure. Even the next day, he doesn't actually act like anything has gone wrong with his career. Vaillant would classify this as an example of a(n) :

According to the correspondence principle, personality __________ is enhanced over adulthood because people selectively experience life events that reinforce their existing personalities.

In a large scale review of studies on midlife in women, the findings showed support for the idea that: